Antiskidding device.



H. SUMMERFIELD.

ANTISKIDDING DEVICE.

' APPLICATION HLEDJuNEzifIQu.' I 1,278,058` Patentedsept. 3, uns.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

tit/trl.

NTISKIDDING DEVICE. v

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed .T une 27, 1917. Serial No. 177,381.

To all 'whom t may concern Be it known `tli'atfl, l'lAinir SUMiiniirinLn, a citizen of the United States, residing at St. laul, in the county of Ramsey and State of Minnesota` have invented a new and useful l of which the following is a specification. This invention relates to anti-skidding devices. the primary object of which is in proriding ineaiis with removable studs or calks which are held between hinged platesacross thecurvcd or tread surface of an automobile tire. l Y

lt is also an object in providing thin plates, flat transversely and curved longitudinally, which lie flat against and curve about the surface of the tire to which they are secured being hinged together so that they will give with the resiliency of the tire. thereby preventing buckling or dani-v aging the surface of Ythe tire'.l

A further obgect is in providing links between theI stud holding plates which-have a resilient'loop so as to' prevent sharp vjerking on the stud holding` plates .when the antiskidding device is in use and the studs are engaging the ground. y y

A further ,Object isI iii' interlocking` the hinged portions of the plates so as to hold .thei'n flat and sinooth across the tire snrfor the base of tlie'reincvable studs.

'lhese objects together with other features and combination of parts will be more clearly defined in the following specification and claims. i

' In the drawingforining part of-this specification Figure 1 is a side elevation of an autoniobile wheel with `the anti-skid'di'ig device attached thereto ready for use.

Fig. 2 is a cross section' of a tire illustrating the anti-skidding device attached thereto in cross section.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of one of the transverse hinged plates which extends across the surface of the tirey and which carries the engaging studs therein.

Fig. 4 is a perspective View of the hinged plates which extend transversely across the tire, in Open position.

Fig. 5 is a side tion of the device.

Fig. 6 is a view of a detail of the cla-inping mechanism of the anti-skidding device,

inproveinent in Antiskidding Devices,v

ainount of resiliency.

elevation of a detail porand are formed with a coil centrally between their ends so as to give theni a certain The cross members B are made up of hinged bands l and 2 which 'are Aflat transversely and curved longitudinally so as to fit across the curved surface of a tire C as is illustrated in Fig, l.

The bands l and 2 are iliade-np of piates which are hinged'together, the onterband l being formed with a central plate 3 and end plates 4, the end plates et being considerably longer than the central plate 3. The plates 3 and 4 are hinged together at 5. The lower band 2 is formed with a shortcentral plate 6 which is hinged at 7 to the` side plates 8 and the plates 8 are hinged at Qte the end plates 10. The lhinge portions i' of the plate v6 interlock between the .hinge por* tions of the plates 3 and i and the curved portions of the hinges 5, 7 and 9 project between the two plates I and 2. rliis construction of hinged'plates gives a member B with a smooth inner and outer surface, the smooth inner surface engaging over the surface of the tire. The band 2 lies directly under Athe band l and is of the same width andv length as' the band.

The plates 3 and 4 are formed with circularI openings 1l through stiids. l2 project. with engaging'- end 13 `and a base or head portion 14. he engaging end 13 of the calks l2 is formed conical and the head portion 14 is square, but it is obvious that the calks can` be of any suitable shape. The base portion 14 of the clk is'adapted to tit between the hinged portions 5, 7 and 9 so Patented Sept. 3, F918.

which calks or' YThe ealks 12 are formedV section of Fig. l taken central portion which is preferably of hard steel and is cast in the engaging end lil ot the ea'ik 12 in the usual manner when the calks are made. The steel pin 15 of the calks 12 are harder than the encircling portion 13 so that the portion 16 Will wear down :laster than 'the central or pin portion 1li, leaving a sharp engaging end on the end 13 of the studs or calks 12.

The plates 3 and 6 are linked together on one side bymeans ot the link 17. The link 1T termed with an eye 18 which engages in the opening 19 of the plate 6 and engaging ends or arms 2() which engage in the openings 21 formed in the plate 3, the link 11" pivotally holding the bands 1 and 2 toether centrally so that the bands cannot eread and the ealks l2 escape or fall out i ,Ween the bands. T he calks are ield between the bands 1 and 2, but snug enough to prevent transverse in 'the same5 the object of the being to hold the bands l andZ` tof anti-skidding device is-not llhe links E pirotally engage the end pit and 10 on the saine side as the link 17 ov means oli the eye 22 which is formed on one end ot the links` E. the eye y22 permanently pivoting or hinging the one side et the bands l and 2 together so that the bands can be opened as is illustrated in Fig. Il. Theother side of the bands l and 2 are detaehably held together on. their ends by means or the hooks the hooks beine formed on the opposite end to the eye o? the links Ei `thus one side of the cross mem ber lll would. be engaged on each end by the eye 22 of a pair of the links E an'd the other side would be engaged byhooks which are termed on the adjacent or next pair of .lin E.

By this construction, the links E can bc dctaehably secured on one side of the cross rn robe-is B and the bands 1 and 2 opened as is illustrated in 4. When the bands are openedM nen' cnlks or studs can be insert ed to take the plaee'of the old ones.

.ihe outer band l has its end plates 4 formed with round openings 24 while the inner band 2 has its end plates 10 formed with slotted openings 25. lt is through openings 24 and 25 that the eyes 22 and hooks of the links E engage. The

.i slots in the bands 2 allow a free movement of the band 2 .in relation to the band 1 when the same is held across the surface of a tire, as is illustrated in Fig. 1. or when laid ont lat "when the device A is 'not in 1t isalso evident that the slots 25 will allow the bands 1 and 2 to slide lfmgitndi-Y nelly on their ends so as to conform with the resiliency or the tire C.

The hinged plates of the bands 1 and EJ assist in allowing the cross members b tire.

v bers B. This assists in the operation of the device A especially if the tire should become soft.

The links E are formed with a central coiled portion 26 Which can be of one or more coils according to` the resiliency desred in the links E. The coiled portions 26 ot the links E are adapted to give suieient resiliency to the links and the anti-skidding device when in use s0 as to prevent sharp jerking or severe strain on the engaging studs or ealks l2. The links E together with the ends of the cross members B form a complete holding ring on each side of the tire C and are adapted to hold the cross members spaced apart around the surface of the tire C.

A connecting link F is formed 4with 'a threaded bolt portion 27 on Which the Wing nut 28 is threaded and the bolt 27 is adapted to engage the linkl29 through the eye30 so as to secure the anti-skidding deiiice AA snugly about the surface of 'the tire C, the tension on the links E being increased by means of the wing nut 28. The connecting link or means F can be of any suitable construction and one of these connecting links is adapted to be positioned between the cross members B on both sides of the tire so that the holding ring formed bythe links E and the ends otl the cross members B can be drawn up evenly on both sides of the tire.A The flexibility of the bands B and the rcs'ilieney of the tire C allow the central calk or stud 12 to depress sufliciently so that the calks on both sides of the central calk Will also engage the surface over which the tire is traveling when th'e Wheel is in 'motion` the center calk again assuming normal position when it disengages the ground. Thus all of the calks 12 will engage si1nultaneously on each member B as they come 1n position to contact with the ground in the rotation of the Wheel.

' The anti-skidding device A is adapted to be held against movement about the circum- `terence of the tire C by means of the anchoring elenlents Gr which are formed of semiciroular eonnecting links 31 and 32, the links 31. having eyes 33 in which hooks 34 are adapted to engage and which are formed on the end oi" the portion 32. The links 31 and 32 of the anchoring device G are adapted to encircle the spoke I of the Wheel J. The links 3l and 32 are Vformed with loops It will be noted' and 36in which chains 37 are linked, the chains 37 being ada ted to engage one of the coils 2.6 of the links E by means of a ring or. other suitable fastening device 38 which is secured to the ends of the chains 37. The rings 38 engage the links .on both sides of the tire C. As is illustrated in the drawing in Fig. l, two of the anchoring devices G are usedbut it is obvious that more can be used if it is desired.

The engaging or cross members B can be of any- -suitable form or shape but it is preferred to makethem of plates hinged together. It is also evident that the members B can be made of suitable hinged plates to conform with the shape of various shaped tires, such as hard tires, etc. It is also evi- .dent that a 'larger or smaller number of plates can be used to make up the bands 1 and 2i It is importantto have a smooth bearing surface which lies against the tread surface of thetirejsfo as to reduce the wear on the same. The interlocking hinged plates of the bands 1 and; 2 give afr'ee and iexible portion B-whiclr'bperates freely with the Ltire. Y

I have-illustrated one particular form and i onstriction in t e accompanying drawing ut I desire to have it understood that this 230: :can -be' carried out by other means and applied -to usesother than those above 'set forth within the scope of the following 'a1 series of transverse tread en only illustrative and that the Iinvention claims: ,n 1. In an antiskidding device comprising,

eine e1@- ments bei formed of plates ged toether to orm outer and .inner flexible `ands, calks 'freely .and detachably held be# ltween said bands and means for holding saidtransverse tread elements spaced apart about u the tread of a tire.

Q'gaging studs held between said outer and inner series of hinged plates and having theirengaging ends projecting through the outer series of plates, the inner series of platesV forming a bearing surface for the head of said studs whereby when said antiskidding deviceis in use, pressure on said engaging studs will be evenly transferred` the. other side of -t down cal described. .Y A

5. `In a device-of the class described, having a pluralityof transverse members,.said` members being formed with inner and outer' distributed to thel surface of said inner serles of hinged plates, substantially. as described.

v3. In a device of the class described, comprising a plurality of transverse bandsconcc. c of links, said transverse bands comprising a nected together and spaced apart by a series series of outer and inner 'transverselyhinged plates, one side ofr said bands being hinged longitudinally together by one endof, a pair of said links and 'other'side of said bands being detachably held bythe other end of the next adjacent pair of links and remov-L ands and having their en-' gagng eye formed on one end for engaging the ends of said. outer and inner bands to holdthem'hinged together and said linksbaing formed' with a hook on the other end so as to detachably en age the next band on le same, wherebyfsaid bands canl be disengaged-on one sidefroni said hooks and links to o en sai bands to replace lthe worn with new ones, substantially as bands, said outer and inner bands being made vup of a series of thin plates hinged.

together, a series 'of engagmgcalks removably held between said bands, spacing links for hinging the ends of said bands-together on .one side and detachably engaging the otherside of the ends of said bands so that.

said bands can be opened tov remove said calks and a link for-connecting orhinging the center of said bands togetherso as to prevent the spreading or separating of the same, substantially as described.-

HARRY sUMMEnr-IELD.

ivoted on the eyes of s adl 

